For excellent water sources, such as mineral water sources and mountain spring water sources rich in special elements, ultrafiltration devices can be used to effectively remove impurities from the excellent raw water, retain beneficial minerals and trace elements for the human body, and produce mineral water and mountain spring water.

This production process absorbs advanced technologies in current water treatment processes, using mechanical filters, activated carbon filters, hollow fiber ultrafiltration, sterilization and disinfection equipment and other processes to remove colloids, chemical organic compounds, heavy metals, bacteria and other large molecular organic compounds in water, while retaining beneficial trace elements in water.

Raw water: groundwater, surface water, river water.

Raw water tank: stainless steel container, temporarily storing raw water.

Pressure pump: Choose a stainless steel pressure pump to pressurize water and send it to the ultrafiltration membrane.

Sand filter: a fiberglass container filled with refined quartz sand, mainly used to remove harmful substances such as sediment, rust, colloidal substances, suspended solids and other particles with a particle size of 20 μ m or more that are harmful to human health from raw water, making the pollution index ≤ 2.

Carbon filter: a fiberglass container filled with fruit shell activated carbon, mainly used to remove color, odor, biochemical organic matter, reduce residual chlorine value, pesticide pollution, and other harmful substances and pollutants in water

Filter: Install a filter before the ultrafiltration system to further purify the water, achieving turbidity and chromaticity.

Optimize to ensure the required water inlet conditions for the ultrafiltration system.

Ultrafiltration (UF)

Ultrafiltration is a process that uses pressure as a driving force to separate impurities from liquids using ultrafiltration membranes with different pore sizes. The ultrafiltration technology in our country was developed in the early 1970s. The CA tubular membrane module developed was first used in the electrophoretic paint industry and later in the concentration of enzyme preparations.

1、 The basic principle of ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration is a membrane separation technology with a porous asymmetric structure. The filtration process is a solution separation process driven by the pressure difference on both sides of the membrane and based on the principle of mechanical sieving. The pressure used is usually 0.1-0.3 MPa, and the pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is small

Roughly between 0.005-1 μ m, with a molecular weight cut-off of 1000-500000 daltons, the ultrafiltration membrane separation process was once considered a purely physical separation process.There are three situations in the ultrafiltration process:

1) Solute adsorbs on the membrane surface and microporous pore walls (primary adsorption).

2) The particle size of solutes is similar to the membrane pore size, and solutes are mechanically trapped on the membrane surface, achieving sieving (blocking).

3) The solute particle size is larger than the membrane pore size, and the solute is mechanically trapped on the membrane surface, achieving sieving

2、 Characteristics of ultrafiltration membrane

Ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis are both driven by pressure, have the same membrane materials and similar preparation methods, similar mechanisms and functions, and similar applications

3、 Microfiltration (MF)

Microfiltration is a filtration technology with a pore size range of generally 0.1-10 μ m, which falls between conventional filtration and ultrafiltration.

1. Microfiltration principle

Microfiltration is a membrane process that uses radial pressure difference as the driving force (operating pressure 0.7-7k Pa), and utilizes the "sieving" effect of a mesh filter medium membrane to separate membranes. Its principle is similar to ordinary filtration, but the pore size of microfiltration is between 0.1-10 μ m, so it is also called filtration, which is a new development of filtration technology.

The retention mechanism of microfiltration membranes has the following functions:

1) Mechanical retention refers to the ability of a membrane to retain impurities such as particles larger than or equivalent to its pore size.

2) If the physical or adsorption retention effects are overly emphasized, unrealistic conclusions may be drawn. In addition to considering pore size factors, other factors such as adsorption and electrical performance should also be taken into account.

3) The bridging effect can be observed through electron microscopy, and at the entrance of the hole, particles can also be intercepted due to the bridging effect.

2. Differences between microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and conventional filtration

Microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis all belong to the purpose of separation and concentration driven by pressure, without any change in direction or transfer of interfacial mass. The pore structure of the microporous membrane used in microfiltration belongs to the sieve type, and it intercepts particles larger than ultrafiltration (there is no clear boundary between the two). It can filter out particles of 0.1-10um in liquid or its body, such as viruses, bacteria, colloids, etc. The operating pressure is generally less than 0.2 MPa.

4、 Nanofiltration (NF)

Nanofiltration is another novel membrane separation technology that falls between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration. It is a membrane process for dissolving components with a molecular weight of over 200g/mol and a molecular size of 1nm, hence it is named "nanofiltration". This membrane is called a "nanofiltration membrane", and the operating pressure is usually 0.5-1.0MPa, usually around 0.7MPa, and as low as 0.3MPa. This characteristic is sometimes referred to as "low-pressure reverse osmosis" or "transport reverse osmosis" in nanofiltration. The development of nanofiltration membranes began in the 1970s, with the aim of replacing the softening process of conventional lime and ion exchange methods with membrane methods. Nanofiltration membranes, also known as softening membranes in the early days, have unique advantages such as low operating pressure, softening of water, separation of low molecular weight organic compounds, desalination, etc., and are widely used.